Terms for this in Cordilleran languages: π½ππΈπ²π, π½ππΉπ²π, πΌπΏ π½ππΏπΆπΈπ²π. They easily stick to clothing. This is why they are called hitchhiker plants. Kids play with these to annoy and prank their friends.
The green ones are easier to remove. If the ones stuck in your clothing are the brown, completely dried ones, you might have to scrape them with a sharp blade. Or remove them during laundry washing. They're easier to remove when wet.